Vs 2 The Passover festival established in Exodus 12:1-13 & 16 to commemorate the freeing of the Jews from Egyptian slavery & as being the people of God.
The main issue in the original Passover was the slaughter by each Jewish family of a lamb –w/o blemish or spot --
As the angel of Jehovah would ‘passover’ he would spare the 1st born of every Israelite family without blood on doorpost, but killed the 1st born of every Egyptian family.
This is what the celebration of the Passover recalls.
Two words are important here: unleavened bread & the Passover
Unleavened bread matzah –unleavened bread
“Pesach (Passover) is also known as the Festival of Matzah (festival of unleavened bread) because an essential element in it is eating only unleavened bread throughout it’s seven days. Ex. 12:15-20.” In this period no yeast, leaven, can be found in your house.
The point here can be best seen in the modern Seder, where the last of four questions asked at the Seder: (“order” & used for Passover)
“on all other nights we eat our meals either sitting or reclining, why on this night do we all recline?”
The answer is that at the time the questions were fixed in the Seder, slaves ate sitting or standing while only free Roman citizens reclined,
so they reclined at Passover, representing freedom from Egypt,
21 and as they were eating,
The Passover part of the evening; this meal followed a fixed order:
1. The first cup with it’s blessing
2. bitter herbs to recall the bitter life in Egypt
3. The unleavened bread: the chasoret, the roasted lamb; & the chagiga other sacrificial meat.
4. The house father dips the bitter herbs into the chasoret with a benediction, then he eats & the others follow.
5. The second cup is mixed (wine with water) a son asked & the father explains the feast.
6. The first part of the hallel is sung. Psa. 113 & 114 with prayer of praise, & the 2en cup is drunk.
7. The father washes his hands, takes two cakes of bread, breaks one & lays it on the unbroken one, blesses the bread out of the earth, wraps a broken piece with herbs, dips it into the Chasoret, eats it & a piece of the chagiga & a piece of the lamb.
8. Then all join in the eating, & it is to this point of the feast that Matt. refers with while they are eating. At no previous point could the exposure of Judas have been without spoiling /ceremonial.
9. The close came when the father ate the last morsel of the lamb, after which no one ate….then came the third cup.
10. The second part of the hallel, Psa. 115-118; the fourth cup, sometimes the fifth; the conclusion of the hallel Psa. 120-137
11. It was probably with the fourth cup that, Jesus Christ introduced the Lord’s Supper.
He dipped
The matzah, the unleavened bread
It was dipped into either the:
Charoset sweet paste, made of fruit, nuts, spices & wine. It’s appearance was like that of mortar which the Israelite slaves made in Egypt or it was:
Maror bitter herbs – calling to mind the bitterness of Israelite slavery in Egypt.
The betrayal by Judas is not prophesied in OT, but, there is a type analogy in the life of David.
David had a close friend, Ahi-thophel an advisor of David, & considered a most wise man, but he foolishly joined with David’s son, Absalom, during Absalom’s revolt against his father. Ahi-thophel means foolish, brother of folly. Anyway he betrayed David, & then committed suicide.
All like Judas against Jesus Christ. read Psa. 41:5-9; & 55:12-14